Archival and Discovery of December 23, 1854 Tsunami Event on Marigrams
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information have more than 3,000 tsunami marigram (tide gauge) records in both image and paper format. The majority of these tsunami marigram records were scanned to high-resolution digital tiff images during the NOAA Climate Data Modernization Program (CDMP). There still remain shelves full of deteriorating paper records that are in need of rescue reformatting to scanned images before they are lost. As a follow-up to a successful 2016 BEDI project resulting in the archival and discovery of data held on marigrams during four large tsunamis (1946, 1952, 1960, 1964), marigrams from five additional tsunami events in 1854, 1883, 1896, 1933, and 1968 have been digitized. These additional five tsunami events were generated in both the Pacific and Indian Oceans and are rarely cited in research due to lack of data access. The five tsunami events proposed here for reformat, archive, and discovery in 2017 reside only on these same paper marigram records. Each of these datasets are of great importance as very little digital data exists from tsunamis that occurred during this time period, particularly those prior to the turn of the 20th Century. These events are not only historically important but with new research into tsunami probabilities, are statistically important as well. Similar to seismic hazard analyses, the tsunami community is now focused on tsunami recurrence rates through probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis to support land-use and construction decision-making. As a result, measurements of these tsunamis are not only expected to provide researchers with important information linking earthquake rupture to tsunami generation and propagation characteristics, but will add a significant number of tsunami data points to recurrence rates calculations. All data reformatted as part of this project will be brought into compliance with NOAA Data Directives and meet the requirements for Data Management, Discoverability, Accessibility, Documentation, Readability, and Data Preservation and Stewardship as per the Big Earth Data Initiative (BEDI). BEDI is designed to promote interoperability of Earth observation data across Federal agencies, systems and platforms through the improvement of data management practices and increased discoverability, accessibility, and usability of data collections.
Complete Metadata
| @type | dcat:Dataset |
|---|---|
| accessLevel | public |
| contactPoint |
{
"fn": "DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information",
"@type": "vcard:Contact",
"hasEmail": "mailto:haz.info@noaa.gov"
}
|
| describedByType | application/octet-steam |
| description | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information have more than 3,000 tsunami marigram (tide gauge) records in both image and paper format. The majority of these tsunami marigram records were scanned to high-resolution digital tiff images during the NOAA Climate Data Modernization Program (CDMP). There still remain shelves full of deteriorating paper records that are in need of rescue reformatting to scanned images before they are lost. As a follow-up to a successful 2016 BEDI project resulting in the archival and discovery of data held on marigrams during four large tsunamis (1946, 1952, 1960, 1964), marigrams from five additional tsunami events in 1854, 1883, 1896, 1933, and 1968 have been digitized. These additional five tsunami events were generated in both the Pacific and Indian Oceans and are rarely cited in research due to lack of data access. The five tsunami events proposed here for reformat, archive, and discovery in 2017 reside only on these same paper marigram records. Each of these datasets are of great importance as very little digital data exists from tsunamis that occurred during this time period, particularly those prior to the turn of the 20th Century. These events are not only historically important but with new research into tsunami probabilities, are statistically important as well. Similar to seismic hazard analyses, the tsunami community is now focused on tsunami recurrence rates through probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis to support land-use and construction decision-making. As a result, measurements of these tsunamis are not only expected to provide researchers with important information linking earthquake rupture to tsunami generation and propagation characteristics, but will add a significant number of tsunami data points to recurrence rates calculations. All data reformatted as part of this project will be brought into compliance with NOAA Data Directives and meet the requirements for Data Management, Discoverability, Accessibility, Documentation, Readability, and Data Preservation and Stewardship as per the Big Earth Data Initiative (BEDI). BEDI is designed to promote interoperability of Earth observation data across Federal agencies, systems and platforms through the improvement of data management practices and increased discoverability, accessibility, and usability of data collections. |
| distribution |
[
{
"@type": "dcat:Distribution",
"title": "NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration December 23, 1854 marigram from San Diego, California, USA",
"mediaType": "placeholder/value",
"description": "Data access to scanned marigram netCDF data.",
"downloadURL": "https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/thredds/fileServer/marigrams/18541223_835/digitized/sand_18541223.nc",
"describedByType": "application/octet-steam"
},
{
"@type": "dcat:Distribution",
"title": "NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration December 23, 1854 marigram from San Francisco Bay (Presidio), California, USA",
"mediaType": "placeholder/value",
"description": "Data access to scanned marigram netCDF data.",
"downloadURL": "https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/thredds/fileServer/marigrams/18541223_835/digitized/sfpr_18541223.nc",
"describedByType": "application/octet-steam"
},
{
"@type": "dcat:Distribution",
"title": "NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration December 23, 1854 marigram from San Diego, California, USA",
"mediaType": "placeholder/value",
"description": "Data access to scanned marigram csv data.",
"downloadURL": "https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/thredds/fileServer/marigrams/18541223_835/digitized/sand_18541223.csv.gz",
"describedByType": "application/octet-steam"
},
{
"@type": "dcat:Distribution",
"title": "NGDC/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database",
"mediaType": "placeholder/value",
"description": "Access to historical tsunami source and effects information database on tsunami events from 2000 B.C. to the present in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, and the Mediterranean and Caribbean Seas.",
"downloadURL": "https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/tsu_db.shtml",
"describedByType": "application/octet-steam"
},
{
"@type": "dcat:Distribution",
"title": "GCMD Keyword Forum Page",
"mediaType": "placeholder/value",
"description": "Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2024. GCMD Keywords, Version 19. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords",
"downloadURL": "https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords",
"describedByType": "application/octet-steam"
}
]
|
| identifier | gov.noaa.ngdc.mgg.hazards:18541223marigram |
| isPartOf | Big Earth Data Initiative (BEDI): Archival and Discovery of 1854, 1883, 1896, 1933, and 1968 Tsunami Events on Marigrams |
| issued | 2018-03-19T00:00:00.000+00:00 |
| keyword |
[
"Earth Science > Oceans > Tides",
"Earth Science > Oceans > Tides > Tidal Currents",
"Earth Science > Oceans > Tides > Tidal Heights",
"Earth Science > Oceans > Tides > Tidal Range",
"Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Waves > Tsunamis",
"Earth Science > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Tidal Height",
"Earth Science > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Sea Surface Height",
"Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Natural Hazards > Tsunamis",
"Earth Science > Human Dimensions > Natural Hazards > Earthquakes",
"Continent > Asia > Eastern Asia > Japan",
"Ocean > Pacific Ocean",
"Continent > North America > United States of America > California",
"San Diego",
"San Francisco Bay",
"In Situ Land-Based Platforms > Ocean Platform/Ocean Stations > Coastal Stations",
"In Situ/Laboratory Instruments > Gauges > Tide Gauges",
"ICSU-WDS > International Council for Science - World Data System",
"Big Earth Data Initiative (BEDI)",
"Climate Data Modernization Program (CDMP)",
"DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information"
]
|
| language |
[]
|
| license | https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ |
| modified | 2018-03-19T00:00:00.000+00:00 |
| publisher |
{
"name": "DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information",
"@type": "org:Organization"
}
|
| references |
[
"https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/tsu_db.shtml"
]
|
| spatial | -117.22565,32.70059,-122.4375,37.69944 |
| temporal | 1854-12-21T07:07:26+00:00/1854-12-27T22:20:53+00:00 |
| title | Archival and Discovery of December 23, 1854 Tsunami Event on Marigrams |
