Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

This site is currently in beta, and your feedback is helping shape its ongoing development.

Chemical and isotopic composition of gas, water, and solids from the 2019-2020 water lake in Halema’uma’u Crater, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of solids filtered from water samples

Published by U.S. Geological Survey | Department of the Interior | Metadata Last Checked: January 27, 2026 | Last Modified: 2023-03-30T00:00:00Z
Samples of the crater lake water were filtered in the field with a 0.45 micron filter. Subsequently, additional precipitates formed in the solute-rich samples (secondary precipitates) which were subsequently filtered in the lab with a 0.45 micron filter. Resulting residues were analyzed both in situ on the filter and after scraping. Samples were sputter coated with 10 nm Au, then imaged in a Tescan VEGA3 scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an Oxford 150 mm2 X-MaxN large area energy dispersive spectrometer at the U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA. Elemental backscatter (BSE) images were collected with an accelerating voltage (HV) of 30 kV and a working distance (WD) of ~15 mm. Magnification is indicated on individual images.

Find Related Datasets

Click any tag below to search for similar datasets

data.gov

An official website of the GSA's Technology Transformation Services

Looking for U.S. government information and services?
Visit USA.gov