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National Land Cover Database (NLCD) Tree Canopy Cover Products

Published by U.S. Geological Survey | Department of the Interior | Metadata Last Checked: January 27, 2026 | Last Modified: 2024-09-12T00:00:00Z
The USDA Forest Service (USFS) builds two versions of percent tree canopy cover (TCC) data to serve needs of multiple user communities. These datasets encompass the conterminous United States (CONUS), Coastal Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands (PRUSVI). The two versions of data within the v2021-4 TCC product suite include: - The raw model outputs referred to as the annual Science data; and - A modified version built for the National Land Cover Database referred to as NLCD data. They are available at the following locations: Science: https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/rastergateway/treecanopycover/ https://apps.fs.usda.gov/fsgisx01/rest/services/RDW_LandscapeAndWildlife NLCD: https://www.mrlc.gov/data https://apps.fs.usda.gov/fsgisx01/rest/services/RDW_LandscapeAndWildlife The NLCD product suite includes data for years 2011, 2013, 2016, 2019 and 2021. The NCLD data are processed to remove small interannual changes from the annual TCC timeseries, and to mask TCC pixels that are known to be 0 percent TCC, non-tree agriculture, and water. A small interannual change is defined as a TCC change less than an increase or decrease of 10 percent compared to a TCC baseline value established in a prior year. The initial TCC baseline value is the mean of 2008-2010 TCC data. For each year following 2011, on a pixel-wise basis TCC values are updated to a new baseline value if an increase or decrease of 10 percent TCC occurs relative to the 2008-2010 TCC baseline value. If no increase or decrease greater than 10 percent TCC occurs relative to the 2008-2010 baseline, then the 2008-2010 TCC baseline value is caried through to the next year in the timeseries. Pixel values range from 0 to 100 percent. The non-processing area is represented by value 254, and the background is represented by the value 255. The Science and NLCD tree canopy cover data are accessible for multiple user communities, through multiple channels and platforms. For information on the Science data and processing steps see the Science metadata.

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