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Nutrients, estrogenicity, and fecal indicators in surface water collected from wetlands in the Klamath Marsh National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon, 2017-2018

Published by U.S. Geological Survey | Department of the Interior | Metadata Last Checked: January 27, 2026 | Last Modified: 2020-10-28T00:00:00Z
The data included here were gathered to determine the effects of cattle grazing on wetland water quality in the Klamath National Wildlife Refuge in Oregon. Surface water samples from sites representing a range of grazing histories were collected between June and October in 2017 and 2018. Samples were analyzed for nutrients (ammonia, nitrate plus nitrite, nitrite, and orthophosphate), total coliforms, E. coli, enterococci, and estrogenicity by U.S. Geological Survey laboratories. Basic water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity and specific conductance were also collected in the field during each site visit. Quality assurance samples (blanks and replicates) as well as method information is also included in the data release.

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