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Reference functional model for production in a circular economy

Published by National Institute of Standards and Technology | National Institute of Standards and Technology | Metadata Last Checked: August 02, 2025 | Last Modified: 2025-02-03 00:00:00
Reference functional model for the activities and processes involved in production (e.g., designing, manufacturing, and recovering products/materials) in a circular economy. The model includes inputs and outputs of each activity, as well as factors that constrain and enable the activities (controls and mechanisms), using the IDEF0 methodology. It provides a baseline scenario that is relevant for stakeholders across product development and supply chain, including business strategists, material suppliers, designers, manufacturers, consumers, and recovers/recyclers. The model is available as downloadable files and hosted on a website to view and explore directly.

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