Transcriptional profiling of gastrocnemius muscle from rats flown on the SLS-1 mission

The Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS) program was a series of payloads that used the facilities of an entire Spacelab module to conduct a variety of life science investigations. The general objective of the research in the SLS programs was to study the acute and chronic changes that living systems undergo during exposure to the space environment. The specific objective of the Spacelab Life Sciences-1 (SLS-1) mission was to study the responses of rats to spaceflight and a period of re-exposure to Earth’s gravity. In addition, this mission allowed for the detailed studies on rodents flown in two different types of habitats (individual and group housed). The goals were to (1) verify the Research Animal Housing Facility (RAHF) and Animal Enclosure Module (AEM) and the capability of these facilities to maintain healthy animals for experimental use; (2) compare changes in rats exposed to spaceflight to the changes seen at 1g in rats housed in identical flight hardware and exposed to a similar flight environmental profile; and (3) compare the changes seen in rats flown in the RAHF with those seen in rats flown in the AEM and to identify housing-related effects. To this end, a flight group (FLT) of 65-day old male Sprague-Dawley rats were launched from Kennedy Space Center (KSC) on 6/5/1991 and singly housed in Research Animal Housing Facility (RAHF) on the shuttle for 9 days before being returned alive to Earth. After splashdown, the FLT animals were decapitated, and dissection occurred on 6/14/1991. Asynchronous ground control animals (GC) were exposed to identical environmental conditions as the FLT group except for noise profile, acceleration, and vibration. GC animals were housed in vivarium cages and dissection occurred on 7/19/1991. Upon dissection, gastrocnemius-lateral tissues were preserved in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70 C before RNA was extracted. The dataset features 7 FLT and 5 GC samples. All libraries were generated using the QIAseq UPX 3’ Transcriptome kit that enables 3’ gene expression analysis from purified RNA and sequenced around 40 M clusters at SE 93 bp.

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